Diagnosis_Genus: Acanthurus Forsskål. Dentibus unius seriei, rigidis, acutis, contiguis, vel simplicibus vel lobatis. Cauda in utroque latere aculeo uno vel pluribus; exserto & rigido; vel mobili & recondenco. Diversum prorsus a Chaetodon Genus; aliquando propriam constituens familiam.
Diagnosis_Species: Acanthurus bahianus Castelnau. Total length 11 cm; greater height 5 cm and a half; 14 spines and 22 branched rays in the dorsal; 15 caudal rays; 3 spines and 20 rays in the anal fin; one spine and 5 rays in the ventral; 18 pectoral rays. His body is oval, oblong; the pectoral and ventral fins are extended with tip; the tail is square-cut. Brown; in each side of the abdomen, it has long and irregular white spots which extend on the cheeks, where its take a blue-gray shade; the back of the tail is lined with yellow; yellow eyes surrounded by blue and lined with a red circle. This fish let out, by the plate of his tail, a foul liquid material, this is why we snatched this part before eating, it head is also cut off. This species is common in the Bahia market in the months of February and March, and it is designated under the name of Barbeiro, which meaning barber. This designation comes from its caudal plate that resembles a razor.
Body_adults_length: 34-38 cm
Weight_adults_mean: 600g
Body_eggs_length: 0.67 mm (Samaroo, 2015)
Body_larvae_length: < 23-33 mm ( 42-68 day pelagic larval phase) (Samaroo, 2015)
Body_larvae_flexion_length: 3.5-4.6 mm (Richards, 2009)
Sequence_Cytb: AY029306, AY029309 (Bernal and Rocha, 2011)