Thunnus albacares

Super Group: 
Opisthokonta
Phylum: 
Chordata
Sub-Phylum: 
Vertebrata
Class: 
Actinopteri
Order: 
Perciformes
Family: 
Scombridae
Genus: 
Thunnus
Species: 
albacares
Authority: 
Bonnaterre, 1788
Synonym(s): 
Scomber albacares (Lacepede, 1800)

Diagnosis

Diagnosis_Genus: Thunnus South 1845.

Diagnosis_Species: Scomber albacares Bonnatere 1788. L'Albacoke g. s. Albacares S. pïnmdh plurimis : ariflis duabus fiipra opercula, memhranà lucuiâ tecl; s.Several false fins: two ridges covered with a shining skin, above the opercuies. The body is round and entirely covered with small scales:The jaws, the length of which is about six inches, are armed with a single row of short and very sharp teeth.The fins of the back correspond to those of the belly; It is accompanied by several false fins, distant one from the other, about two inches; The fin Of the anus is one foot long by three inches wide; It ends in a point; That of the tail is indented crescent: the lateral parts of the tail form,on the other hand, a fault in a hull, which is three-quarters of an inch in elevation. Some parts of the body are white; The others are of a dark color. This fish has three feet Circumference in its greatest thickness, and five feet in length. S / oa, ie, Hijl. Tho.Jamaïc. flight. 2 p. 11. Jamaica. Species that have false fins united with each other.

Other description (WildscreenArkive): The yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) is a fish built for speed and endurance. Its streamlined body is metallic dark blue on the back, blending into yellow or silver on the belly. The belly is patterned with numerous broken lines, and a vivid golden stripe runs along each side of the body, from the eye to the tail. The yellowfin tuna has two dorsal fins, the second one of which can be very long and is situated directly over the long anal fin. The pectoral fins, those found on each side of the body, are also long, often reaching beyond the space between the two dorsal fins. The fins can be retracted so that water flows even more smoothly over its body when swimming. Tiny fins, (or finlets), run down the top and bottom side of the body, from the second dorsal fin and the anal fin to the tail. These finlets, along with the dorsal and anal fins, are bright yellow, giving this fish its common name. The finlets are bordered by a narrow black band.

Other description (FishBase): Dorsal spines (total): 11 - 14; Dorsal soft rays (total): 12-16; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 11 - 16; Vertebrae: 39. Fish with very long second dorsal fin and anal fin, which in some may reach well over 20% of the FL. The pectoral fin is moderately long, usually reaching beyond the second dorsal fin origin but not beyond the end of its base. Color is black metallic dark blue changing through yellow to silver on the belly. The belly frequently has about 20 broken, nearly vertical lines. The dorsal and anal fins and finlets are bright yellow.

Body_adult_length:78 - 158 cm
Body_adult_male_max_length: 239 cm
Body_adult_male_common_length: 150 cm
Weight_adults: 200.0 kg
Weight_adults_max: 400kg (WildscreenArkive)
 

Etymology

Thunnus: Greek, thynnos = tunna (Fishbase)

Ecology

Migratory: Full Migrant
Substrate: water
Salinity: marine
Habitat: coastal
Temperature : 15°C - 31°C (Fishbase)
Temperature_preferred: 28°C (Fishbase)
Depth: 1 - 250 m (Fishbase)
Depth_usually: 1 - 100 m (Fishbase)
Oxygen_level: oxic
Habitat: Epipelagic, oceanic, above and below the thermocline.(FAO)

Life cycle

Spawning in yellowfin tuna populations can occur at any time of the year, but is most frequent during the summer months in each hemisphere. Each female releases several million eggs each year into the ocean, which are fertilised by the sperm released by the males. Yellowfin tuna juveniles grow quickly, reaching a weight of 3.4 kilograms in 18 months.(WildscreenArkive)

Spawn throughout the tropical and equatorial waters of the major oceans. At higher latitudes, spawning is seasonal, with peaks in summer; may continue throughout the year at lower latitudes. Yellowfin tuna are multiple spawners, ie they spawn every few days over the spawning period. Eggs and sperm are released into the water for fertilisation.(FishBase)

Larval distribution in equatorial waters is transoceanic the year round, but there are seasonal changes in larval density in subtropical waters. It is believed that the larvae occur exclusively in the warm water sphere, that is, above the thermocline. Schooling occurs more commonly in near-surface waters, primarily by size, either in monospecific or multispecies groups. In some areas, i.e. eastern Pacific, larger fish (greater than 85 cm fork length) frequently school with porpoises. Association with floating debris and other objects is also observed. Although the distribution of yellowfin tuna in the Pacific is nearly continuous, lack of evidence for long-ranging east-west or north-south migrations of adults suggests that there may not be much exchange between the yellowfin tuna from the eastern and the central Pacific, nor between those from the western and the central Pacific. This hints at the existence of subpopulations. Spawning occurs throughout the year in the core areas of distribution, but peaks are always observed in the northern and southern summer months respectively. Joseph (1968) gives a relationship between size and fecundity of yellowfin tuna in the eastern Pacific.(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)

Reproduction_mode: asexual
Longevity: more than 3 years
Longevity_max: 9 years (Fishbase)
Symbiont: vertical
Fertility_period: Annual
Spawning_method :External fertilization in the water column

Feeding behaviour

Carnivorous

Mode of locomotion

Motility: motile_swimming

Observation site(s)