Caranx hippos

Super Group: 
Opisthokonta
Phylum: 
Chordata
Sub-Phylum: 
Vertebrata
Class: 
Actinopteri
Order: 
Perciformes
Sub-Order: 
Percoidei
Family: 
Carangidae
Genus: 
Caranx
Species: 
hippos
Authority: 
Linnaeus 1766
Synonym(s): 
Scomber hippos (Linnaeus, 1766)
Carangus chrysos (Gill, 1863)
Carangus hippos (Gill, 1863)
Carangus hippus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1863)

Suggest a modification

Diagnosis

Diagnosis_Genus: Caranx Lacépède. Two dorsal fins; no small fins above or below the tail; the sides of the tail lengthwise statements keel, or a small fin composed with two stings and a membrane in front of the anal fin.
.

Diagnosis_Species: Scomber hippos Linnaeus. S. pinnulis unitis, operculis postice macula nigra. B.7. D. 7, 22. P. 22. V. 6. A. 22/I0. C.30. Habitat in Carolina. D. Garden. Dentes unica ferie: anticis 2 majoribus. Linea lateralis in medio valde declinata, postice carinata subspinosa. P. Dprsalis posterior rubra. Ventralis Analisque lutea. Spinae ante Analem remotae.
 
Body_male_length: 75 cm
Body_max_length: 124 cm
Body_male_length_maturity: 55 cm
Body_female_length_maturity: 66 cm
Max_weight: 25 kg
Eggs_diameter: 0.7-0.9 mm
Newly_hatched_larvae: 1.6-1.8 mm

Etymology

Caranx: French, carangue, the name of a Caribbean fish.

Type species

The type species of the genus Caranx is Caranx carangua (Lacepède 1801) (Animalbase).

Type illustration / Type locality / Type specimen

Type locality:  Carolina [South Carolina, U.S.A.].

Ecology

Habitat: Eastern Atlantic: Portugal to Angola, including the western Mediterranean. Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia, Canada and northern Gulf of Mexico to Uruguay, including the Greater Antilles. Absent from eastern Lesser Antilles.
Habitat: oceanic
Habitat: coastal
Substrate: water
Salinity: brackish
Temperature_adults: 27°C
Depth: 1 - 350 m
Migratory: yes. Diel vertical migration.
Causality_of_migration: temperature (Young fish dispersed north by currents in the eastern Atlantic are known to migrate back to more tropical waters before the onset of winter; however, if the fish fail to migrate, mass mortalities occur as the temperature falls below the species' tolerance limits)
Temporality_of_migration: seasonal (before beginning of winter)

Life cycle

Generation_time: more than 3 years
Fertility_period: Seasonal (during spring and summer, March to September, South of Florida), (during spring, April to May, Cuba)
Spawning_method: External fertilization in the water column (in the southeastern Atlantic coast and in the Gulf Stream, including any associated currents)

Feeding behaviour

Carnivorous

Mode of locomotion

Motility: motile_swimming

Original description

Reference(s)

Attached phylogeny

Image icon Hypothesis of the relationships of the major groups of Carangoidei (Hilton & Jonhson, 2007)
Image icon Dendrogram of morphological similarity, obtained by UPGMA grouping, for species of Caranx and Carangoides (Jacobina et al. 2014)
Image icon Caranx hippos (Lane David, 1959)
Image icon Phylogenetic trees from parsimony analyses (Reed et al. 2001)
Image icon Phylogenetic trees from parsimony analyses (continued) (Reed et al. 2001)
Image icon Phylogram from best-fit maximum-likelihood analysis using general time-reversible model (Reed et al. 2001)
Image icon Fifty percent majority rules consensus tree from Bayesian analysis (Reed et al. 2001)

Observation site(s)

SYMBIONTS

Displaying 1 - 2 of 2
Association with... Region origin Name of site In reference...
Amyloodinium ocellatum New York Aquarium
Amyloodinium ocellatum Gulf Coast Research Laboratory

ASQME static network (beta)

ASQME dynamic network (beta)

ASQME map (beta)