Alexandrium tamarense
Diagnosis
Cells are as long as wide or slightly longer then wide; cells of strain ATWS01-1 are 33.9 ± 2.1 µm (min 30 µm, max 38 µm, n = 20) wide and 36 ± 2.34 µm (min 32 µm, max 40 µm, n = 20) long. Cell contains many golden brown elongated chloroplasts and a horseshoe-shaped nucleus located in the equatorial part of the cell. The epicone is helmet-shaped and the hypocone roughly trapezoidal. The cingulum is descending about one cingular height. The sulcus broadens in its antapical portion and is delimited on both sides by moderately developed sulcal lists. The cell surface is smooth and ornamented with many scattered small pores. The plate formula is: Po, 4’, 6’’, 5C, 8-10S, 5’’’, 2’’’’. Po is ornamented by several small pores and presents a comma-shaped foramen. A connecting pore is generally not present on Po. Plate 1’ is irregularly rhomboidal, with longer apical right and antapical left sides; in its apical portion, it contacts the Po and in its antapical portion it contacts plate Sa. The ventral pore along the margin between Plate 1’ and 4’ is generally present. Plate 6’’ is as wide as tall or slightly wider than tall. Plate 2’’’’ variable: it can be transversally extended (prevalent type) or dorsoventrally extended, but transitions exist. Plate sp is pentagonal, and its length:width ratio is ∼1; a connecting pore is generally not present on sp. Cells are almost always single, rarely found in chains of two cells in cultures. The cyst is ellipsoidal, with a granular dark brown content and is surrounded by a mucous layer. Isolates are non-toxic. D1-D2 LSU (GenBank KF908805), ITS/5.8S (GenBank KF908813), and SSU (GenBank KF908799).
Body_length: 32-40 µm
Body_width: 30-38 µm
Etymology
From the Tamar River mouth, the type locality of Gonyaulax tamarensis M. Lebour (Lebour 1925).
Type species
Strain ATWS01-1
Type illustration / Type locality / Type specimen
living cultures : RCC4087, CCMP3431. Type locality: Tamar River Estuary, England, U.K.
Ecology
Substrate: planktonic
Sociability: solitary
Salinity: marine
pH: neutral
Feeding: Photosynthetic
Life cycle
Phases_alternance: haplontic
Generation: <1 month
Reproduction_mode: asexual_binary
Reproduction_mode: sexual_heterothallic
Resting_stage: cysts_sexual
Resting_stage: cysts_asexual
Feeding behaviour
Mode of locomotion
Reference(s)
Attached phylogeny
Observation site(s)
SYMBIONTS
Association with... | Region origin | Name of site | In reference... |
---|---|---|---|
Parvilucifera infectans | Rance estuary |
Parvilucifera rostrata sp. nov. (Perkinsozoa), a Novel Parasitoid that Infects Planktonic Dinoflagellates. Protist 165:31 - 49. doi: 10.1016/j.protis.2013.09.005 (2014) |
|
Parvilucifera infectans | Kristineberg Marine Research Station |
Parvilucifera infectans norén et moestrup gen. et sp. nov. (perkinsozoa phylum nov.): a parasitic flagellate capable of killing toxic microalgae. European Journal of Protistology 35:233 - 254. doi: 10.1016/S0932-4739(99)80001-7 (1999) |
|
Parvilucifera infectans | Penzé estuary |
Parvilucifera rostrata sp. nov. (Perkinsozoa), a Novel Parasitoid that Infects Planktonic Dinoflagellates. Protist 165:31 - 49. doi: 10.1016/j.protis.2013.09.005 (2014) |
|
Parvilucifera rostrata | Penzé estuary |
Parvilucifera rostrata sp. nov. (Perkinsozoa), a Novel Parasitoid that Infects Planktonic Dinoflagellates. Protist 165:31 - 49. doi: 10.1016/j.protis.2013.09.005 (2014) |